The  History of Man's Evolution        
The Evolution of Man
(From Soup to Nuts)
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5  BYFN
6  BYFN
...
Event
Our universe forms.  
Our galaxy forms.
Our Star system forms.  Every atom in our bodies already existed  when  the
    solar system formed.  We are made of stardust!  Old stardust.
First rain.
First life elements form in the sea (primordial SOUP).
Bacteria  (Maybe 3.5 BYA)  We are related to every animal and every  plant
    that is alive today and that ever lived, through a common ancestor –
    bacteria.  Yes, we are descendant from apes but bacteria are our oldest
    progenitors.
First bacteria divide; clone selves in 20 minutes.  (Self-replication.)
Photosynthesis.
Cyanobacteria, the blue-green photosynthesizing stomatolite microbes,
    oxygenate the atmosphere.
Prokaryotes (simple single cell organism lacking a nucleus) arose. Natural  
    selection begins.  
Eukaryotes – Single celled organisms with a nucleus & organelles.
    Eukaryotic organs are colonies of various prokaryotes.  (Self
    organization.)
Microbial aerobic respiration commences.
Protoctists form = First established beings, organisms.
Bacteria go on land.  
Metazoa - Multicelled organisms.  In our lineage.
Cambrian "explosion" (Life forms proliferate.)  Note that almost all of the
    lifeforms bigger than a microbe that ever lived on earth, came in the last
    4% of the age of the planet!
Fish, vertebrates with bilateral symmetry, and later with heads and jaws.
Algae go ashore and start the plant world.
Tetrapods move on shore.  They begot amphibians, reptiles (including
    dinosaurs and birds), and mammals.   
Amphibians (eggs)
Reptiles (eggs)
Mammals. (Placental.  Wow!  What a difference.)
Dinosaurs (eggs)
Birds (eggs)
End of dinosaurs; mammals start their rise.
Primates (Monkeys).  Maybe 70 MYA.  Dryopiths = arboreal.
Hominoids - Apes came out of the trees and split from the Old World
    monkeys.  Apes (are tailless and have opposable thumbs) = gibbons,
    orangutans (90%), gorillas (90%), and chimpanzees (98.4%).  (Genes
    like ours).  390 to 550 cc brains.
Procounsel africanus – The early apes with some hominid features, taken as
    a group.
Ramapithicus.  Man or ape? - Ape. Pre Orangutan.  About same range as H.
    erectus.  1st ape wave out of Africa?
Orangutans split from great apes.  (Maybe 18 MYA.)
Gorillas split off from great apes.
Shelanthropus tchadensia.  Chad.  A missing link?  Yes, branched off to
    Chimps and to hominids.  320 - 380 cc  More hominid than chimp.  To 6
    MYA.
Orrorin tungenensis. Bipedal. In our line?  Tungen, Kenya.  Chimp size.  
    To 5.8 MYA.
Chimps remained non bipedal apes.
Hominid family (Maybe 4 MYA) – Bipedal Apes (our line) diverged from apes
    (pre-chimps)  via missing links.  One such may have been Ardipithecus
    kadabba found in Ethiopia; 5.7 to 5.2 MYA.  
Ardipithecus ramidus (bipedal walker) – to 3 MYA.  1/3 brain size.  Hadar  
    Ethiopia.  Likely to have evolved into Australoithecus.  Was one of our
    ancestors but not the chimps.  To 4.2 MYA.
Australopithecus anamensis (Southern ape-man).  To 3.9 MYA.
A. afarensis (Lucy) (for the Afar people of Hadar, Ethiopia) – Bipedal.  1.2m
    tall; 380 – 450cc.  Could be from 5 MYA to 2.9 MYA.
Kenyanthropus platyops (Flat faced man of Kenya)  Lomekwi, Kenya.  May
    be an arfaensis.  To 3.2 MYA.
First evidence of stone tool use, in the Dikika region of Ethiopia.  
A. africanus (gracile) – to 2 MYA (May be in our line.)  Sterkfrontein, South
    Africa.  1.4m; 400 - 600cc.  To 2.0 MYA.
Paranthropus aetheopicus.  W. Turkana, Kenya.  To 2.5 MYA.
A. garhi (surprise)  Bouri Formation, Ethiopia.
Homo habalis (handy man) – to 1.44 MYA.  ½ brain size: 700 - 800cc.
    Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.  Stayed in Africa?  No, 1st out of Africa, prior
    to 1.7 MYA.  
H. rudolfensis.  Koobi Fora, Kenya.  Maybe Australopithecus.  Maybe H.
    habilis.  Same span as habilis.  700cc.
H. dmanisi – in Georgia and Java.  Links Habalis to Erectus.  600-700 cc.
Paranthropus robustus To 1.6 MYA.  530cc.  S. Africa.
P. boisei.  – to 1 MYA. Extremely robust.  410 – 510cc.  Olduval Gorge,
    Tanzania.
H. ergaster (Working man) (In our line)  Koobi Fora, Kenya.  1000cc.  Some
    H. ergasters stayed in Africa.  Some left and begat H. erectus abroad.
Homo  erectus – to 200 KYA.  Ranged from Spain to England to South China
    (Korea) to Philippians.  800 – 1000cc.
Evidence of fire being used by man.  (760 kYA in N Dead Sea)
First hand axes.
Out of Africa "#1" starts – H. erectus.  (Really #2, and ~1.5 MYA)
H. heidelbergensis – In Europe.  3rd wave?   600? or 355? to 100 KYA.
H. erectus in Near East.  
H. erectus in Java – Java Man.  (Maybe 1.5 MYA?)
H. erectus in China – Peking Man
H. erectus in England – Boxgrove Man.
Gawis (Hadar region) cranium 500 to 200 k years old.  Homo _______
    (gawisian?).  
First hut.  Found in France.
H. sapiens (thinking man) - us!  At Omo River Ethiopia.  Full brain size
    –1200-1600cc.  As smart as us!  They had no books so they had to
    memorize  everything.  Probably used more of their brain than we do.  
    Caused the extinction of many animals.  160? or 100? KYA to present.
First wood spear, in England.
H. neanderthalenus – to 25 KYA.  Advanced stone tools.  Withstood
    Europe’s Ice Ages best of hominids.  Painted caves. Buried dead with  
    possessions.  (Not our line)  Some say that Neanderthal traits first
    appeared 350 KYA but the first full blown neande came 50 KYA.  H. n
    came from H. h.
Man lost body hair (@ lice DNA)  Wore clothes instead
First H.s out of Africa to the Near East. (2nd, 3rd, or 4th… wave out of  
    Africa.)  (Maybe 130 kYA)
Toba volcano in Sumatra erupted.  Biggest bang on earth, ever.  Enormous
    amount of ash in the air.  Prolonged winter after.  Mass extinctions.
    Only 3 to 10 K humans left on earth (@ DNA study).
First stone arrow heads, found in South Africa.
First H.s in East Asia.
First H.s in Australia.
First flute, in N Africa
First H.s in Europe!!!  And Siberia.
Homo floresienia (Hobbit), Flores, Indonesia.  Expected span = 95 to 13
First cave art. – to 14 KYA
First voyage to Pacific Islands.
First H.s in Japan.
Cro Magnon = H.s  Maybe 50 KYA.  Les Eyzies, France.  (Been there.)
First figurines
Aborigines in Australia?
Coldest period of the last glaciation.
First Americans. (Amerindians.)  Maybe as early as 30 – 40 KYA.  About 70
    people (@DNA) crossed Bering land bridge to populate America.
Oldest known writing, Akkadian wedge script, was found in Jerusalem in
    July 2010.
End of last Ice Age (Start of global warming, again.  And start of civilizations.)
First farming, in the Near East.
First pottery, in Japan.
First Clovis Point
H.s at southern tip of South America.
First hut.  Found in England.
First copper working, in Near East.
First village!!!  Near East.  The start of "modern" civilization.
Potatoes in Peru
Farming in E Sahara, Balkans; rice in China.
Briton cut off from Europe by the rising sea!!!
Sahara turns arid – to 5 KYA
Farming in the Nile.
Horses domesticated on the steppes.
Maize in Mesoamerica.
Mammoth extinct in Siberia.
The ASPM gene, the big brain gene, first appears in man.  Now 10% or the
    population have 2 of this new gene, 40% have 1 new and 1 old, and
    50% still have 2 of the old.
Sumerian civilization – to 4.1 KYA.  In Babylon.
Cotton in South America.
Farming in Briton and Scandinavia.
Cities in the Near East.
Writing, Sumerians. In Ascaria, near Babylon, Mesopotamia.
Egyptian civilization to 2.2 KYA
Bronze, in Near East
Stonehenge begins
Great pyramids of Giza.
Babylonian civilization to 2.5 KYA
Minoan civilization to ?
Mycenaean civilization to 3.0 KYA
Greek civilization to 2.2 KYA.  First alphabet.  (Maybe Egyptians).
Bronze in Europe.
Iron, in Asia Minor.
Chinese civilization begins
Olmec civilization begins.
Iron in Europe.
Roman Empire to 1.6 KYA (476 AD)
Persian civilization, to 1.4 KYA
Cast iron in China.
Nazca civilization to 1.5 KYA
Farming in north America.
Mayan civilization to 1.4 KYA
Christ
Teahuanaco civilization to 1.2 KYA
Middle Ages to 500 YA
Aztec civilization to 600 YA
Islamic civilization –
Block printing in Korea – 750 AD
Inca civilization to 600 YA
Movable type in China – 1041 AD
Magna Carta – 1215 AD
Printing Press.  Gutenberg – 1453 AD
Columbus - 1492
US - 1776
Industrial revolution. 1803 – 1820
PC's.
Another glaciation is due.


Dieing sun expands to envelope the earth.  We are toast.  NUTS!
Our galaxy collides with the Andromeda galaxy.  Even our ghosts are toast.
Last amended:
2010-8-11
Counter
Ages of man – Stone: 3.3 M to 10 KYA; Copper: 10 K to 4.9 KYA; Bronze: 4.9 K to 3.7 KYA; and
Iron: 3.7 K to 0 KYA.   Prehistoric: 200k to 7k BC; Ancient: 7000 BC to 476 AD; Dark: 476 to 1000
AD; Middle: 476 to 1453 AD; Renaissance: 1300 to 1650 AD; Reformation: 1500's AD; Modern:
1650 AD to present.  (476 = fall of Rome.)

Stone Age = Paleolithic, 3.3 M – 150 KYA; Mesolithic, 150 K – 40 KYA; and Neolithic, 40 K – 10
KYA.

Taxonomy:  Name = John Doe, Species = Sapiens, Genus = Homo, Family =  Hominidae, Order
= Primate, Class = Mammalia, Phylum = Chordata, Kingdom = Animilia, Domain = Eukaryote,  
Organism (Has organs organized to work together to maintain and propagate the life of the
organism.) = Bacteria?

...root is the Organism (as this applies to all living things, it is implied rather than stated explicitly).
Below this are the Domain, Kingdom, Phylum (plural, phyla), Class, Order, Family, Genus, and
Species, with various other ranks sometimes inserted.